水利发展研究

节水诊断是推动用水单位节水减排、提升水资源节约集约利用水平的关键举措。文章梳理了当前法律法规和相关政策文件对节水诊断工作的要求以及部分工作实践，分析了节水诊断在顶层设计、技术标准、激励机制方面存在的问题。通过借鉴节能诊断的实践经验，提出了制定节水诊断标准与指南、建立节水诊断服务平台、开展重点行业与区域节水诊断、实施节水改造与效果评估、加强宣传与培训等推动节水诊断落地的实施路径，并从进一步强化政府支持、加强财税金融保障、完善考核奖励激励、严肃节水领域执法提出了相应的政策建议。

Water-saving diagnosis is a key measure to promote water conservation and emission reduction by water using units, and to improve the level of economic and intensive water utilization. This article summarizes the requirements of current laws, regulations, and relevant policy documents for water-saving diagnosis, as well as practices, and analyzes the problems that exist in the top-level design, technical standards, and incentive mechanisms of water-saving diagnosis. By drawing on the practical experience of energy-saving diagnosis, this article proposes measures to promote the implementation of water-saving diagnosis, such as developing water-saving diagnosis standards and guidelines, establishing water-saving diagnosis service platforms, carrying out water-saving diagnosis in key industries and regions, implementing water-saving transformation and effect evaluation, strengthening publicity and training, etc. Furthermore, it also puts forward corresponding policy suggestions from strengthening government support, enhancing financial and tax guarantees, improving assessment and reward incentives, and strictly enforcing laws in the field of water-saving.